TechPrastu | C++ Programing

Let’s dive into the key Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in C++ with detailed explanations and examples: 1. Encapsulation Encapsulation involves grouping data and the methods that manipulate that data into a single entity known as a class. This concept is crucial for safeguarding the data against external interference and misuse. Example : #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Rectangle { private:     int length;     int width; public:     void setLength(int l) {         length = l;     } void setWidth(int w) {         width = w;     } int getArea() {         return length * width;     } }; int main() {     Rectangle rect;     rect.setLength(5);     rect.setWidth(3);     cout << "Area: " << rect.getArea() << endl;     return 0; } In this example, the Rectangle class encapsulate...

C++ is a powerful and versatile programming language that builds on the foundation of C. Here are some key concepts of C++: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):  C++ supports OOP principles such as: Encapsulation :  Bundling data and methods that operate on the data within a single unit, is called a class. Abstraction : Hiding complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features of an object. Inheritance :  Creating new classes from existing ones, allowing for code reuse and the creation of hierarchical relationships. Polymorphism :  Allowing objects to be treated as instances of their parent class, enabling a single interface to represent different underlying forms (e.g., method overriding and overloading). Standard Template Library (STL):  A powerful library that provides generic classes and functions, including: Containers :  Such as vectors, lists, and maps, which store data collections. Algorithms :  Such as sort, search, and trans...

Basics of C++ Programming Language Introduction to C++: C++ is an extension of the C programming language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup. It supports both procedural and object-oriented programming, making it versatile and widely used. Basic Syntax: Header Files: These contain definitions of functions and macros used in the program. They are included at the top of the C++ program using the `#include` directive. Namespace: Used to organize code into logical groups and prevent name collisions. The `std` namespace is commonly used. Main Function: The entry point of a C++ program. Every C++ program must have a main function. Blocks: Code blocks are enclosed in curly braces `{}`. Semicolons: Statements in C++ end with a semicolon `;`. Variables and Data Types: C++ supports various data types including: int: Integer type. float: Floating-point type. double: Double-precision floating-point type. char: Character type. bool: Boolean type. Operators: C++ includes a variety of operators such as ...

Method 1:- Overloaded '&' operator and keep it private   #include <iostream>   using namespace std;     class Base   {       int x;   public:       Base(){}     private:       Base* operator &()       {           return this;       }   };     int main()   {       Base b;       Base *bp = &b;       cout << &b << endl;       cout << bp << endl;       return 0;   }     O/P: error: 'Base* Base::operator&()' is private within this context